Although some conjectures may have a considerable degree of
probability, yet it is evidently in the nature of conjecture to be
uncertain. In every case, the assent ought to be proportioned to the
evidence; for to believe firmly what has bat a small degree of
probability is a manifest abuse of our understanding. Now, though we
may, in many cases, form very probable conjectures concerning the works
of men, every conjecture we can form with regard to the works of God
has as little probability as the conjectures of a child with regard to
he works of a man. The wisdom of God exceeds that of the wisest man,
more than that of the wisest man exceeds the wisdom of a child. If a
child were to conjecture how an army is to be formed in the day of
battle, how a city is to be fortified, or a state governed, what chance
has he to guess right? As little chance has the wisest man, when he
pretends to conjecture how the planets move in their courses, how the
sea ebbs and flows, and how our minds act upon our bodies... On the
other hand, innumerable conjectures, formed in different ages, with
regard to the structure of the body, have been confuted by observation,
and none ever confirmed. What we have said of the internal structure of
the human body may be said, with justice, of every other part of the
works of God, wherein any real discovery has been made. Such
discoveries have always been made by patient observation, by accurate
experiments, or by conclusions drawn by strict reasoning from
observations and experiments; and such discoveries have always tended
to refute, and not to confirm, the theories and hypotheses which
ingenious men had invented. As this is a fact confirmed by the history
of philosophy in all past ages, it ought to have taught men, long ago,
to treat with just contempt hypotheses in every branch of philosophy,
and to despair of ever advancing real knowledge in that way... This has
been the case with regard to hypotheses that have been revered by the
most enlightened part of mankind for hundreds of years ; and it will
always be the case to the end of the world. For until the wisdom of men
bear some proportion to the wisdom of God, their attempts to find out
the structure of his works by the force of their wit and genius will be
vain.
Thomas Reid on Evidence and Intellectual Humility
Essays on the Intellectual Powers of Man, by Thomas Reid (Phillips, Sampson, and Company, 1855), p.13-15.
Knowledge via Religious Experience

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